Saturday, June 10, 2017

Inductive Study: Jude 9

Yet Michael the archangel, in contending with the devil, when he disputed about the body of Moses, dared not bring against him a reviling accusation, but said, “The Lord rebuke you!”
Jude 9

Dear Heavenly Father, thank You for Your Son.  You are such a loving Father.  You want no one to perish, but all to know You and life.  Lord, please keep me focused on You.  Help me understand the Scriptures. Help me to understand Your will.  In Jesus' name I pray, Amen.

Jude switches gears with this verse.  Up to this point, he was identifying past and current apostasy.  Now, he is talking about an angel and the devil. 

One of the angels named in the Bible, Michael was considered the protector or patron angel of Israel.  He appears four other times in the Bible.  Daniel 10:13 states "But the prince of the kingdom of Persia withstood me twenty-one days; and behold, Michael, one of the chief princes, came to help me, for I had been left alone there with the kings of Persia."  Daniel 10:21 states "But I will tell you what is noted in the Scripture of Truth. (No one upholds me against these, except Michael your prince."  Daniel 12:1 is a prophecy which will also be mentioned in Revelation.  It states "'At that time Michael shall stand up, The great prince who stands watch over the sons of your people; And there shall be a time of trouble, Such as never was since there was a nation, Even to that time. And at that time your people shall be delivered, Every one who is found written in the book.'"  Revelation 12:7 states " And war broke out in heaven: Michael and his angels fought with the dragon; and the dragon and his angels fought."

The dragon mentioned in Revelation is the devil.  Isaiah 14:12 states "How you are fallen from heaven, O Lucifer, son of the morning! How you are cut down to the ground, You who weakened the nations!"  Lucifer was a Latin translation of the Hebrew word, Heyei, which means "shining one, light bearer."  The word in the Latin was not capitalized and referred to "the morning star, the planet Venus."  Lucifer has been used as the name of Satan before the angel's fall from heaven.  In Ezekiel, the devil is called the King of Tyre mentioning in Ezekiel 28:13 that he "was in Eden, the garden of God."  Ezekiel 28:16 further states "By the abundance of your trading You became filled with violence within, And you sinned; Therefore I cast you as a profane thing Out of the mountain of God; And I destroyed you, O covering cherub, From the midst of the fiery stones."  Cherub is another word for angel.  To bring deeper understanding to today's text, let's examine some key words and their companion or similar verses. 

"Yet" in the Greek is de which means on the other hand, and, but, moreover, indeed now, on top of this, next.  The word "yet" is connecting this sentence to the previous one.  Whereas in Jude 8 I used "God" for dignitaries, with these two sentences connected and comparing each other, dignitaries may be interpreted as angels of preeminent dignity.  In verse 8, Jude is stating that these false teachers blaspheme even angels.  In verse 9, Jude is stating that angels don't even blaspheme Satan.

"Michael" in the Greek is Michael which in the Hebrew is Mikael which means an archangel, "Who is like God?", "Who is like the great God?", patron angel of Israel.  "Archangel" in the Greek is archaggelos which means ruler of angels, superior angel, angel of the highest rank, chief of the angels, prince/leader of the angels.  It comes from the word arxon which means of the first order, chief and aggelos which means angel.  Michael is the leader of the angels.

"Contending" in the Greek is diakrino which means distinguish, discern, doubt, hesitate, waver, separate, decide, to separate oneself in a hostile spirit, thoroughly back and forth, investigate, judge, close reasoning or over judging, vacillate, dispute, contend, oppose.  The word literally means to separate throughout or wholly.  It's like weighing both sides of a matter to make a decision.  "Devil" in the Greek is diabolous which means slanderous, the slanderer, false accuser, criticizing to hurt and condemn to sever a relationship, backbiter, predictable windup toy playing out his evil nature, enemy of God, estrange mankind from God enticing them to sin.  Michael is opposing the devil over a matter.

"Disputed" in the Greek is dialegomai which means converse, preach, lecture, argue, reason.  Michael was fighting with the devil over Moses' body.  Now, we know in Deuteronomy 34:5-6 that God buried Moses where no one could find the body, "So Moses the servant of the Lord died there in the land of Moab, according to the word of the Lord. And He buried him in a valley in the land of Moab, opposite Beth Peor; but no one knows his grave to this day."  Nowhere in the Bible can you find this dispute.  Some scholars point to a Hebrew apocrypha book called the "Assumption of Moses."  Hebrew tradition held that Michael did fight Satan over the body of Moses.  Since Moses was so well regarded and had done so much for Israel, some scholars speculate that Satan wanted the body so he could use his body as an idol against God.  Whether the event actually happened may not matter.  Jude is using the event to make another example, one the people would have remembered hearing.

"Dared" in the Greek is tolmao which means endure, I am bold, have courage, make up the mind, courage necessary for a valid risk, putting fear behind for risk, not to dread or shun through fear.  "Against" in the Greek is epiphero which means bring forward against, impose, inflict, to bring upon.  It is made of the words epi which means the basis of and phero which means carry, bear, make publicly known.  "Reviling" in the Greek is basphemia which means abusive or scurrilous language, switches right for wrong, exchanges the truth of God for a lie, detractive speech injurious to one's name.  It is composed of two words: blax which means sluggish or slow and pheme which means reputation or fame. "Accusation" in the Greek is krisis which means divine judgement, accusation, opinion or decision concerning anything (right or wrong), condemn, pronounce.  Fearing God, Michael would not risk making publicly known his opinion of the devil that would injury the devil's reputation.

"Rebuke" in the Greek is epitimao which means chide, admonish, warn, warning by instruction, warning to prevent something from going wrong, censure severely, to curb one's ferocity or violence. It is made up of the words epi which means suitably on and timao which means esteem or place value.  Michael won't share his opinion but asks God to prevent Satan from doing something wrong.  The phrase, “The Lord rebuke you!”, is also found in Zechariah 3:2 which states "And the Lord said to Satan, 'The Lord rebuke you, Satan! The Lord who has chosen Jerusalem rebuke you! Is this not a brand plucked from the fire?'"

I like how the footnote in the amplified Bible sums up this passage.

In Jewish tradition, Michael claimed to be Moses’ teacher and was present when God put Moses to death (Midrash on Deut 11:10). Jude’s point is that if the archangel Michael had such respect for Satan’s power, then mere humans are extremely foolish to insult or show disrespect to angelic beings. This does not mean that true Christians cannot or should not engage in spiritual warfare with satanic forces; quite the contrary (Eph 6:12; James 4:7). But they should follow Michael’s example and act only as legitimate representatives of Christ who are in good standing with Him.

Ephesians 6:12 states "For we do not wrestle against flesh and blood, but against principalities, against powers, against the rulers of the darkness of this age, against spiritual hosts of wickedness in the heavenly places."  James 4:7 states "Therefore submit to God. Resist the devil and he will flee from you."  Even Michael respected the enemy.  As believers, we should resist the enemy but respect the enemy.  Let God serve the punishment.

But even the archangel Michael, when he was disputing with the devil (Satan), and arguing about the body of Moses, did not dare bring an abusive condemnation against him, but [simply] said, “The Lord rebuke you!”

Amplified Bible

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